Study on mechanism of Phytolaccae Radix and its split components based on network pharmacology / 中国中药杂志

This paper aimed to explore the mechanism of the split components of Phytolaccae Radix by means of network pharmaco-logy. Based on the theoretical hypothesis of the nature and taste of traditional Chinese medicine, the chemical components of the separated components of Phytolaccae Radix were selected by using Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database(TCMSP) and Traditional Chinese Medicines IntegratedDatabase(TCMID) databases in combination with related literatures. Relevant target analysis was carried out based on PubChem and SwissTargetPrediction databases. Targets corresponding to disease were excavated based on GeneCards for each split component, corresponding potential targets were obtained through mapping the target set of target compounds to disease targets. GO biological process analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were performed on the mapped targets with the help of DAVID database. Based on Cytoscape software and the corresponding efficacy, the network diagram of "medicinal material-split components-compound-target-pathway" was constructed to explore the mechanism of different efficacy of the separated components of Cytoscape. And the target purgation and diuretic mapping was used as the target of the traditional efficacy of smoothening secretion for the first time. The study explored esculentoside component, fatty oil component and phenolic acid component, a total of 30 target compounds and 301 corresponding targets, involving 44 potential targets for "anti-inflammatory", 50 potential targets for "immunoregulation", 52 potential targets for "smoothening secretion", 28 potential targets for "antibacterial activity", 28 potential targets for "antiviral effect", and 29 potential targets for "antitumor effect". Topological analysis revealed 14 key gene targets such as MAPK8, MAPK14, EGFR and PTGS2. A total of 684 GO entries and 235 KEGG pathways were obtained through bioinformatics enrichment analysis, mainly involving TNF signaling pathway, NF-kappaB signaling pathway and MAPK signaling pathway. This study revealed the multi-component, multi-target, and multi-channel action mechanism of the split components of Phytolaccae Radix, which provided certain basis for the next step to clarify the split components of Phytolaccae Radix through the method of system biology, and injected new content and significance into the study of properties and flavors theory.

Clinical application and mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine in treatment of lung cancer / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

Lung cancer is a malignant tumor characterized by a rapid proliferation rate, less survivability, high mortality, and metastatic potential. This review focuses on updated research about the clinical application of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) as an adjuvant therapy to lung cancer treatment and the mechanisms of TCM effect on lung cancer in vitro and in vivo. We summarized the recent 5 years of different research progress on clinical applications and antitumor mechanisms of TCM in the treatment of lung cancer. As a potent adjuvant therapy, TCM could enhance conventional treatments (chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and epidermal growth factor receptors [EGFRs] tyrosine kinase inhibitors [TKIs]) effects as well as provide synergistic effects, enhance chemotherapy drugs chemosensitivity, reverse drug resistance, reduce adverse reactions and toxicity, relieve patients' pain and improve quality of life (QOL). After treating with TCM, lung cancer cells will induce apoptosis and/or autophagy, suppress metastasis, impact immune reaction, and therapeutic effect of EGFR-TKIs. Therefore, TCM is a promisingly potent adjuvant therapy in the treatment of lung cancer and its multiple mechanisms are worthy of an in-depth study.

Study on active constituents against Alzheimer's disease from Valeriana amurensis / 中国中药杂志

In this study, the chemical constituentsfrom Valeriana amurensis AD-effective fraction were investigated based on the effect of Valeriana amurensis on Alzheimer's disease (AD) in previous study. Valeriana amurensis was extracted with 75% ethanol and the obtained extract were extracted and subjected to AB-8 macroporous resin column to obtain the AD-effective fraction of Valeriana amurensis. 9 compounds (1-9) were isolated with silica gel, ODS column chromatography and preparative HPLC. The structures of these compounds were determined as 6-hydroxy-7-(hydroxymethyl)-4-methylenehexahydrocyclopenta[c]-pyran-1(3H)-one (1), suspensolide F (2), loganin(3), α-morroniside(4), β-morronisid (5), partinovalerosidate (6), zansiumloside A (7), (-)-angelicoidenol-2-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (8), citroside A (9). Compounds 6-9 were isolated from the valerian genus for the first time and further investigated the anti-AD effect of compounds 1-9 in vitro found that compound 2 and 6 protected the PC12 cells from injury significantly.

Study on neuroprotective active constituents from root and rhizome of Valeriana amurensis / 中草药

Objective: To screen the active constituents from the anti-AD active fraction from the roots and rhizomes of Valeriana amurensis and to elucidate the therapeutic basis for the neuroprotective effect of the roots and rhizomes in V. amurensis. Methods: The aective fraction of the roots and rhizomes in V. amurensis was separated with various chromatographic processes and the structures of the obtained compounds were identified by physicochemical analysis and various spectra data. The neuroprtective compounds on PC12 cells were screened by MTT assay. Results: Eleven compounds were isolated from the roots and rhizomes of V. amurensis, including five bisepoxy lignans of (+)-medioresinol-4,4'-di-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), (+)-syringaresinol-4,4'-di-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), prinsepiol-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), (+)-8,8'-dihydroxy-pinoresinol-4,4'-di-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (4), prinsepiol (5), and 6 iridoids of jatamanin A (6), 7-hydroxy-8-(hydroxymethyl)-4-methylenehexahydrocyclopenta[c] pyran-1(3H)-one (7), 4-hydroxymethyl-cyclopenta[c] pyran-7-carboxaldehyde (8), patriscabroside III (9), jatamanin E(10), and patrinoside (11). The Aβ1-42-induced PC12 cells injuries were alleviated by all the bisepoxy lignans with the concentration of 25, 12.5, and 5 μmol/L. Conclusion: Iridoids 6-10 are isolated from the roots and rhizomes of V. amurensis for the first time. Bisepoxy lignans are the therapeutic basis of neuroprotective effect in the roots and rhizomes of V. amurensis.

Exploring effective components of laxative effect of Anemarrhenae Rhizoma based on Chinese herbal processing theory / 中国中药杂志

Anemarrhena asphodeloides processed by salt and raw product was compared including both chemical composition and laxative function in order to find the possible active substance to cure constipation. Processed and raw Anemarrhenae laxative effect on experimental constipation models was observed as well as chemical composition using UPLC-MS technology and the total sugar content was determined by phenol sulfuric acid method. Processed Anemarrhenae water extract improved excrement more than raw which has significant difference compared with the blank group (P < 0.05). On the other hand, the total ion flow spectrum showed no significant difference in most substance, but the total sugar content was significantly higher than raw product. Anemarrhenae ancient be recognized benefitting for draining body water in traditional Chinese medicine which has been lost in modern books because it is manifested as excellent laxative effect not diuretic effect. Saccharides carbohydrate may have closely relationship with this magically effect.

Chemical constituents in anti-inflammatory effective fraction from roots of Pulsatilla cernua / 中草药

Objective: To screen the anti-inflammatory effective fraction from the roots of Pulsatilla cernua and to study the chemical constituents. Methods: The dried roots of P. cernua were extracted with 70% EtOH under reflux conditions, the extract was fractioned by macroporous resin column with H2O, 30%, 50%, and 95% EtOH, and four fractions were obtained, respectively. The anti-inflammatory effective fraction was determined by the experiment of xylene-induced mice ear swelling. Compounds were isolated and purified from the anti-inflammatory effective fraction with various column chromatographic methods. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of physicochemical characters and spectral analyses. Results: The 50% EtOH fraction from macroporous resin column was more effective to the mice with inflammation than the others and 12 compounds were isolated from this fraction: (+)-8-hydroxypinoresinol-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), 3, 4:3', 4'-bis(methylenedioxy)-9'-hydroxyl-lignane-9-methyl-O-β- D-glucopyranoside (2), prinsepiol-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), (+)-cycloolivil-6-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (4), 6-O-(E)-feruloyl-β-glucopyranoside (5), 6-O-(E)-feruloyl-α-glucopyranoside (6), oleanolic acid-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β- D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl (7), hederagenin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β- D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl- (1→3)-β-D-glucopyranosy (8), hederagenin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β- D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl (9), oleanolic acid-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-α- L-arabinopyranoside (10), echinocystic acid-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-α- L-arabinopyranoside (11), and lupeol (12). Conclusion: The 50% EtOH fraction, as the anti-inflammatory effective fraction, is from macroporous resin column of 70% EtOH extract from the roots of P. cernua. Compounds 2-4, 6, 8, and 9 are discovered from the plants of genus Pulsatilla Adans. for the first time.